AgriScience and Technology

Rooting, Growth, and Maturation of Grape Cuttings Under Different Growth Regulators

Bella Grigoryan , Aelita Grigoryan, Artem Ohanyan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

With the development of viticulture in recent years, vineyard areas have increased and the demand for orchards with local varieties has grown. Propagation by cuttings is the most common method of grape propagation. The influence of growth regulators (zircon, heteroauxin, and kornevin) on the rooting, growth, and ripening of hardwood cuttings of grape varieties Voskehat, Garan Dmak, and Tozot was studied. The study shows that the use of growth regulators positively affects the growth and development of cuttings,
strengthens roots, increases rooting, and promotes the growth and development of surface organs Among the regulators used, the best results were shown by growth stimulants heteroauxin and zircon. These stimulants can be used to ensure the high survival rates of less common varieties.

Research on the Efficiency of Complex Fertilizer Produced from the New Serpentine-Based Ingredient

Sergey Yeritsyan, Gayane Gasparian, Karen Grigoryan, Anna Khachatryan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Using serpentine, which is widespread in Armenia, we developed two new fertilizers. First fertilizer, is composed of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, as well as amorphous silicon dioxide, and fertilizer 2, which contains a small amount of phosphorus (in the form of a mixture in the mineral), calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and amorphous silicon dioxide. Fertilizers were soluble in water and a 1 % ammonium carbonate solution. Laboratory studies have shown that fertilizers positively affect spring barley seed germination percentage, germination rate, growth, yield, and grain NPK content. The yield of spring barley increased by 28.4-33.1 % under the influence of fertilizers, which is equivalent to the efficiency of double superphosphate. However, serpentine, the most common in Armenia, can be used to obtain recommended fertilizers in a much cheaper and safer manner.

The Habitation and Damage of Mite in Apple and Plum Tree Orchards of Armavir Region

Samvel Asatryan — Fri, 26 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

In 2021-2022, a study of herbivorous (phytophagous) mite habitation and harmfulness was conducted in apple and plum orchards in the Armavir region (RA). Research findings of two-year scientific experiments confirmed that between the two apple varieties the Star Crimson variety had the highest habitation rate of Hawthorn Red Spider Mite (Tetranychus viennensis Zacher), specifically 52.7 % in the first year, and 55.5 % in the second year. Among the three plum varieties, Vengerka Italian had the highest habitation rate (49.5 and 53.2 %, respectively) of common spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Research findings also confirm that at the peak of leaf damage, compared to the Golden Delicious apple variety, the damage caused by Hawthorn Red Spider Mite to the leaves of the Star Crimson apple variety was high in 2021-2022 (43.5 % and 45.0 % respectively). There was relatively high damage caused by Hawthorn Red Spider Mite to the “Vengerka Italian” variety in 2021 and 2022 (39.9 % and 41.0 %, respectively). Effective control measures against phytophagous mites with high habitation in apple and plum orchards will be developed and offered to farmers.

The Influence of Tillage Methods on the Agrophysical and Agrochemical Properties of Soils on the Example of Yernjatap Village

Albert Markosyan, Gagik Tovmasyan, Lusine Yeritsyan, Meri Hokhanyan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

The research was carried out in the administrative area of Yernjatap settlement, Aragatsotn marz, Aparan region, RA. This was at an altitude of 1850 m above sea level. Soil studies were conducted on about 1 hectare of arable land. The area is located in the steppe land zone. It was planned to investigate the shallow tillage (disking) in preventing degradation processes and increasing the efficiency of cultivated land in the investigated land area. For this purpose, field and laboratory analyses were carried out to study the soil quality characteristics. Soil sections were placed at the experimental sites. The percentage of humus content, mechanical composition, amount of water-soluble salts, soil reaction (pH), and provision of macronutrients in the soil samples were given according to the depth of each soil section. As a result of using traditional and shallow soil
tillage methods, the agrophysical and agrochemical properties of the studied soils were revealed.

A Prooxidant and an Antioxidant Sow’s Status with Hepathopathy

Sergey Piatrouski, Natali Hlebus — Fri, 26 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

The role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of liver diseases in sows was studied. The state of the antioxidant system in these diseases was also assessed. The liver of sows has been examined after slaughter. There were four groups formed:
healthy, acute and chronic hepatosis (HS), and liver cirrhosis. An increase in the level of endogenous intoxication has established, the content of primary (diene conjugates), secondary (malondialdehyde, ketodienes, ketotrienes), and final (Schiff
base) products of lipid peroxidation in the blood of sows with hepatopathy. Also noticed that sows with hepatopathy had decreased antioxidant protection, catalase activity, and concentration of tocopherol and ascorbic acid. The level of change was
growing with a gravity of hepatopathy. The most expressed disturbance has been observed in sows with liver cirrhosis.

Biochemical Indicators of Blood and Milk in the Cows Affected by Latent Mastitis

Zhanna Melkonyan, Liana Grigoryan, Albert Vardanyan, Erik Nikoghosyan — Fri, 26 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Latent mastitis harms the health of animals, their milk production, and the quality of milk. In cows affected by this disease sharp changes in hematological parameters, and biochemical parameters of blood and milk, which is the focus of our research.
This work studies the morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and the biochemical parameters of milk in dairy cows affected by latent mastitis. The research was performed in several farms and farm households of Kotayk and Ararat
regions, as well as in the ANAU Research Center of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Sanitary laboratories. The research outcomes prove that latent mastitis significantly impacts the composition of blood and milk components. Data obtained
during the research enables a better understanding of the causes of mastitis as well as the necessity of using informative diagnostic methods in farm veterinarians’ practices.

The Influence of the Stationarity Property on Traffic Flow Control

Arman Sargsyan, Armen Harutyunyan — Fri, 26 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

This study provides an overview of traffic control methods using automated traffic control systems (ATCS). The main approach highlighted during the analysis is the application of rigid multi-program management, including a library of coordination programs. The study also found a dependence of the period of operation of each coordination program on the state and intensity of traffic flow (TF), noting an increase in the period of stationarity with an increase in the intensity of TF. Based on the system analysis, a mathematical dependence of the control parameter on the intensity affecting the efficiency of TF management is proposed. The results obtained can be applied to optimize the operation of the automated control system and develop effective traffic management strategies.

Ingredients and Technical Parameters of a New Type of Semi-Finished Meat Containing Dutch Cabbages

Anna Dashtoyan, Yana Baluyants, Lilit Hovsepyan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Increasing demand for semi-finished meat has led manufacturers to increase production volumes, renewing and modernizing their assortments in parallel. Technologies and recipes for semi-finished products production are known, in which animal and vegetable raw materials are combined. In addition, it contributes to the rational use of raw materials, the provision of quality food, and the improvement of technical and economic indicators. As a dietary raw material, white cabbage is an effective raw material to use in the production of semi-finished products.

Study of the Possibility of Honey Wine Production Using New Active Dry Yeasts and Yeasts Derivatives

Shahane Bakhshetsyan, Elyanora Gevorgyan, Mikayel Mikayelyan — Fri, 26 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Honey wine, also known as a fermented beverage made from natural honey, is believed to be one of the earliest alcoholic drinks created by ancient humans thousands of years ago, long before the discovery of grape wine. Our research aims to produce wine from honey collected in the Armenian mountains. A series of articles dedicated to the study of the possibility of obtaining alcoholic beverages made by fermenting natural honey (honey wine) using different types of dry active yeast and yeast autolysis derivatives. The data obtained from the research results will be interesting from both the scientific and production points of view. This will allow us to conclude that the selected yeasts can be used for producing such alcoholic beverages.

Risk Assessment of Toxic Elements in Buckwheat Produced in Armenia

Davit Pipoyan, Yepraqsya Arshakyan, Meline Beglaryan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Buckwheat provides essential nutrients crucial for the human body’s regular functioning, however, studies have indicated that it may also contain potentially toxic elements. Therefore, this study aims to assess the health risks associated with buckwheat produced in Armenia, focusing on dietary exposure to toxic elements (lead, cadmium, and arsenic). Risk assessment was conducted using the margin of exposure (MOE) method, involving calculating daily intakes for toxic elements. The study findings suggest that the levels of toxic elements in the investigated buckwheat samples were within acceptable limits. This indicates that there is no significant health risk to consumers.

The Use of Pine Cone Extract in the Production of Albumen Curd

Nara Chatinyan, Naira Stepanayan, Anahit Mezhlumyan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Due to a lack of protein in the human diet, dairy products made from milk proteins have increased in production. The proposed new product was made from cheese whey and curds. The main ingredients were whey proteins and pine cone extract as a natural additive. The relevance of making albumen curd with vegetable extract is scientifically and experimentally justified. Based on this study, the optimal dose of pine cone extract was determined which results in imparting a distinctive taste and aroma characteristic of pine cone, improving the chemical composition, and extending the product’s shelf life.

The Necessity to Calculate the Impact of Climate Risks on Determining the Cadastral Assessment of Agricultural Lands

Tigran Hovhannisyan, Paruyr Efendyan, Nane Khudaverdyan — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0400

Armenia, with its entire territory, is considered the most sensitive country to climate change. The land tax rate for agricultural lands is determined at 15 percent of the estimated net income determined by their cadastral assessment. The cadastral assessment of agricultural lands in the Republic of Armenia was carried out in 2002-2004. During the assessment, the
materials of land management, soil science, geobotanical, and other studies and research conducted in the 1970-1980s were taken as a basis. The article presents the results of research and analysis conducted by the authors during 2020-2023, on the impact of climate risks on the yield and quality of crops on agricultural lands in the Republic of Armenia. As a result of the research, it turns out that among climate risks, the greatest damage to agricultural lands in the Republic of Armenia is caused by frost, hail, and drought, which affects the quantity and quality of crops from agricultural lands, and consequently the income received, which, however, does not reduce the tax burden of the landowner. As a result of the research, to modernize the assessment methodology in the process of calculating net income, it is recommended to adopt the revised calculation method
developed and proposed by the authors using risk reduction coefficients (climate risks).